How to take pen off leather – Blemishes on high-quality leather are a nuisance and difficult to remove, often leaving stubborn stains that threaten the material’s integrity. When faced with the daunting task of removing pen marks from leather, many people become frustrated with the process, leading to unnecessary stress and potential damage to the leather. Fortunately, there is a solution for those pesky stains. By understanding the composition of pen ink, the role of leather types, and the best removal techniques, you can restore your leather goods to their former glory.
In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the step-by-step process of how to take pen off leather, including the most effective methods, common mistakes to avoid, and best practices for preparing leather for removal.
From understanding the chemical composition of pen ink to exploring the various types of leather and their responsiveness to removal methods, this guide aims to empower you with the knowledge necessary to tackle even the most stubborn stains. By following these easy steps, you’ll be able to remove pen marks from various leather goods, including belts, shoes, handbags, and furniture, saving you time, money, and the hassle of professional restoration.
Understanding the Composition of Pen Ink and Its Impact on Leather

Pen ink is a complex mixture of chemicals that can have a significant impact on the surface of leather. The composition of pen ink varies depending on the type and brand, but most inks contain a combination of dyes, pigments, solvents, and additives. Understanding the chemical composition of pen ink is crucial to predicting its potential effects on leather.
Chemical Composition of Pen Ink
Pen ink is made up of several key components, including:
- Dyes and pigments: These are the colored particles that give the ink its hue. They can be soluble or insoluble in water and are often made from a variety of substances, including synthetic and natural materials.
- Solvents: These are the liquids that help to dissolve the dyes and pigments in the ink. Common solvents include water, glycerin, and surfactants.
- Additives: These are chemicals that are added to the ink to enhance its performance and stability. Examples of additives include wetting agents, thickeners, and UV stabilizers.
The combination and concentration of these components can affect the overall properties of the ink and its interaction with the leather surface.
Impact of Pen Ink on Leather
The impact of pen ink on leather can be significant, especially if the ink is not compatible with the leather material. Some inks can permanently damage the leather by:
- Causing discoloration: Inks can permanently alter the color of the leather, leading to unsightly stains and discoloration.
- Tearing the leather fibers: The chemicals in ink can break down the leather fibers, leading to tears and damage.
- Affecting the leather’s breathability: Inks can block the pores of the leather, making it less breathable and potentially leading to moisture buildup and mold growth.
Types of Pen Ink and Their Effects on Leather
Some types of pen ink are more likely to cause damage to leather than others. Inks that contain high levels of dyes or pigments, such as fiber-reactive dyes, can be particularly problematic. Additionally, inks that are not specifically designed for use on leather can also cause damage.
Safe Inks for Use on Leather
If you need to use pen ink on leather, it’s essential to choose an ink that is specifically designed for use on leather. These inks are formulated to be gentle on the leather surface and minimize the risk of damage. Look for inks that are labeled as “leather-safe” or “leather-compatible.”
Preventing Damage to Leather
To minimize the risk of damage to leather, it’s essential to choose the right pen ink for the job and to follow proper usage and cleaning procedures. Always test a small, inconspicuous area of the leather first to ensure that the ink does not cause any damage.
Choose the right pen ink for the job and follow proper usage and cleaning procedures to minimize the risk of damage to leather.
The Role of Leather Types in Pen Mark Removal
When dealing with pen marks on leather, one of the most significant factors affecting the removal process is the type of leather being used. Different leather types have varying levels of sensitivity and responsiveness to cleaning agents, making some easier to clean than others. Understanding the properties of distinct leather types can greatly influence the effectiveness of the removal process.
Aniline Leather: Challenges and Limitations
Aniline leather is a type of unfinished leather that showcases the natural grain and texture of the hide. Its porous and absorbent nature makes it prone to staining and discoloration when exposed to ink. Removing pen marks from aniline leather can be a challenging task due to its delicate properties.
- Challenges: Aniline leather’s porous nature allows stains to penetrate deep into the material, making it difficult to remove completely.
- Limitations: The use of harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners can damage the leather’s natural texture and cause discoloration.
To remove pen marks from aniline leather, consider the following methods:
- Method 1: Leather Balm and Gentle Abrasion
-Apply a small amount of leather balm to the affected area and gently rub it in using a soft cloth. Avoid applying too much pressure, as this can further damage the leather. - Method 2: Hydrogen Peroxide Soak
-Soak the leather in a solution of equal parts hydrogen peroxide and water for several hours. Then, gently scrub the area with a soft-bristled brush to remove the stain.
Semi-aniline Leather: Considerations and Solutions
Semi-aniline leather is a type of leather that has undergone a chemical treatment to stabilize its color and reduce its porosity. While it is still more sensitive than some other types of leather, semi-aniline is generally easier to clean than aniline leather. Removing pen marks from semi-aniline leather requires careful consideration of its unique properties.
- Considerations: Semi-aniline leather’s stabilized color makes it less prone to discoloration, but its reduced porosity can make it more resistant to cleaning agents.
- Solutions: To remove pen marks from semi-aniline leather, try using a mild cleaning solution and a soft-bristled brush to gently scrub the area.
To remove pen marks from semi-aniline leather, consider the following methods:
- Method 1: Mild Soap Solution
-Mix a small amount of mild soap with warm water to create a cleaning solution. Use a soft-bristled brush to gently scrub the area, then rinse with clean water. - Method 2: Leather Cleaner
-Apply a leather cleaner specifically designed for semi-aniline leather to the affected area, following the manufacturer’s instructions.
Full-grain Leather: Ease of Removal
Full-grain leather is a type of leather that undergoes minimal processing, preserving its natural texture and grain. Its dense and compact nature makes it relatively easy to clean and maintain. Removing pen marks from full-grain leather presents fewer challenges compared to other types of leather.
To get a pen mark off your prized leather wallet, start by blotting the area with a soft cloth to absorb excess ink. Next, mix a small amount of baking soda and water to create a paste and gently work it into the stain using a gentle circular motion ā this can be more effective when applied to grass, where knowing how to overseed your lawn strategically can lead to lush results.
Once the paste dries, simply wipe clean with a damp cloth and your leather should be good as new.
- Ease of Removal: Full-grain leather’s dense nature makes it resistant to staining and discoloration, allowing for easier removal of pen marks.
- Solutions: To remove pen marks from full-grain leather, try using a mixture of equal parts water and white vinegar or a leather-specific cleaning solution.
To remove pen marks from full-grain leather, consider the following methods:
- Method 1: Water and Vinegar Mix
-Mix equal parts water and white vinegar to create a cleaning solution. Gently apply the solution to the affected area using a soft cloth, then rinse with clean water. - Method 2: Leather Cleaning Solution
-Apply a leather-specific cleaning solution to the affected area, following the manufacturer’s instructions.
Safe Removal Techniques for Specific Pen Mark Situations: How To Take Pen Off Leather
Pen marks on leather goods can be frustrating to remove, but with the right techniques and materials, you can restore your items to their original condition. When dealing with pen marks on leather, it’s essential to act quickly, as the longer you wait, the tougher the stain will be to remove. Before we dive into the removal techniques, it’s crucial to test a small area of the leather first to ensure the method you choose won’t damage the material.
Removing Pen Marks from Belts
Belts are a common item that can get pen marks on them, and removing them can be a challenge. To remove pen marks from belts, you’ll need to use a gentle approach to avoid damaging the leather. Here are the steps to follow:
- Blot the pen mark with a clean cloth to remove any excess ink. Do not rub the area, as this can push the ink further into the leather.
- Apply a small amount of white vinegar to the pen mark and let it sit for about 10 minutes. White vinegar is a natural solvent that can help break down the ink.
- Use a soft-bristled brush to gently scrub the area, working from the outside inwards. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive materials that can damage the leather.
- Wipe the area clean with a damp cloth and let it air dry.
Removing Pen Marks from Shoes
Pen marks on shoes can be difficult to remove, but it’s essential to act quickly to prevent the stain from setting. Here are the steps to follow:
- Use a clean cloth to blot the pen mark and remove any excess ink.
- Apply a small amount of baking soda to the pen mark and let it sit for about 30 minutes. Baking soda can help absorb the ink and lift it off the leather.
- Use a soft-bristled brush to gently scrub the area, working from the outside inwards.
- Wipe the area clean with a damp cloth and let it air dry.
Removing Pen Marks from Handbags
Handbags are delicate items that require gentle care when it comes to removing pen marks. Here are the steps to follow:
| Step | Method |
|---|---|
| 1 | Blot the pen mark with a clean cloth to remove any excess ink. |
| 2 | Apply a small amount of hydrogen peroxide to the pen mark and let it sit for about 10 minutes. |
| 3 | Use a soft-bristled brush to gently scrub the area, working from the outside inwards. |
| 4 | Wipe the area clean with a damp cloth and let it air dry. |
Removing Pen Marks from Furniture
Pen marks on furniture can be a challenge to remove, but it’s essential to act quickly to prevent the stain from setting. Here are the steps to follow:
“When dealing with pen marks on furniture, it’s essential to test a small area first to ensure the removal method won’t damage the finish or the leather.”
- Blot the pen mark with a clean cloth to remove any excess ink.
- Apply a small amount of leather cleaner to the pen mark and let it sit for about 10 minutes.
- Use a soft-bristled brush to gently scrub the area, working from the outside inwards.
- Wipe the area clean with a damp cloth and let it air dry.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Removing Pen Marks from Leather
When removing pen marks from leather, it’s not uncommon for people to make mistakes that can damage the leather or push the stain deeper, making the removal process even more challenging. By understanding the common mistakes to avoid, you can ensure a safe and effective removal process.
Mistakes to Avoid When Removing Pen Marks from Leather
When attempting to remove pen marks from leather, many people make the mistake of using abrasive materials. This can include using rough cloths, scrubbers, or harsh chemicals that can damage the leather and push the stain deeper. Another common mistake is applying too much pressure, which can cause the leather to become scratched or torn.The consequences of these mistakes can be severe.
When leather is exposed to abrasive materials, it can become dry and brittle, leading to cracking and fading. Additionally, when too much pressure is applied, the leather can become distorted or develop unsightly creases.
Misusing Cleaning Products
In addition to using abrasive materials and applying too much pressure, another common mistake people make when attempting to remove pen marks from leather is misusing cleaning products. Many cleaning products are too harsh for leather and can damage the material or cause discoloration.When attempting to remove pen marks from leather, it’s essential to use a gentle cleaning product that is specifically designed for leather.
Avoid using general-purpose cleaning products, including those that contain harsh chemicals or abrasives.
Using Heat to Remove Pen Marks
In some cases, people may attempt to remove pen marks from leather by applying heat. However, this can be a mistake, as heat can damage the leather and cause the stain to become set.When leather is exposed to heat, it can become discolored or develop cracks. Additionally, when heat is used to remove a stain, it can cause the stain to become trapped in the leather, making it more difficult to remove.
Removing Pen Marks from Specific Leather Types
Different types of leather require different removal methods. For example, suede leather requires a specialized cleaning product and gentle scrubbing action, while aniline leather requires a gentle cleaning product and soft cloth.When attempting to remove pen marks from leather, it’s essential to understand the type of leather you are working with and use the appropriate removal method. Using the wrong removal method can damage the leather or push the stain deeper, making the removal process even more challenging.
Conclusion
Removing pen marks from leather requires care and patience. By understanding the most common mistakes to avoid and using the right removal methods, you can ensure a safe and effective removal process. Always use gentle cleaning products, avoid applying too much pressure, and choose the right removal method for your specific type of leather.
Best Practices for Preparing Leather for Pen Mark Removal
When it comes to removing pen marks from leather, the first step is often overlooked: proper preparation. Cleaning and conditioning the leather can significantly impact the removal process and the overall appearance of the leather. In this section, we’ll discuss the best practices for preparing leather for pen mark removal.
Cleaning the Leather
Cleaning the leather is essential to remove any dirt, grime, or old ink residue that may be obstructing the pen mark removal process. Use a gentle cleaning product specifically designed for leather, such as a leather cleaner or a mild soap solution. Avoid using harsh chemicals, abrasive cleaners, or excessive water, as they can damage the leather.
- Always read the instructions on the cleaning product label and test a small, inconspicuous area of the leather first.
- Use a soft, clean cloth to gently apply the cleaning solution to the affected area.
- Work in a well-ventilated area, and avoid getting the leather too wet, as it can cause discoloration or warping.
Conditioning the Leather
Conditioning the leather helps to moisturize and protect it, making it more receptive to the pen mark removal process. Use a leather conditioner or leather oil specifically designed for the type of leather you’re working with. Apply a small amount to a clean cloth and gently rub it into the leather in a circular motion.
- Choose a conditioner or oil that matches the color and type of your leather.
- Apply the conditioner or oil in small, even strokes, working from the center of the affected area outwards.
- Allow the conditioner or oil to absorb fully before proceeding with pen mark removal.
Working on a Clean and Dry Surface
To prevent further damage and ensure the best possible outcome, it’s essential to work on a clean and dry surface. Any dirt, dust, or moisture on the surface can interfere with the pen mark removal process, causing the ink to spread or become uneven.
- Ensure the leather is completely dry before proceeding with pen mark removal.
- Cover the surrounding areas with tape or a barrier to prevent damage from any cleaning solutions or removal products.
- Work in a well-ventilated area, and avoid exposure to direct sunlight or extreme temperatures.
By following these best practices for preparing leather for pen mark removal, you can ensure the best possible outcome and prevent further damage to the leather.
“Proper preparation is key to successful pen mark removal. A clean and conditioned leather surface allows for a more effective removal process, resulting in a cleaner and more even finish.”
Comparing Homemade Remedies to Commercial Pen Mark Removers
When it comes to removing pen marks from leather, many individuals opt for homemade remedies as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to commercial pen mark removers. However, the effectiveness of these remedies can be hit-or-miss, and in some cases, may not produce satisfactory results.
Homemade Remedies: A DIY Approach
Various household items can be used to remove pen marks from leather, including lemon juice, baking soda, toothpaste, and even vodka. While some of these remedies might yield positive results, it’s essential to note that they often require patience and can be messy to apply. For instance, applying lemon juice to a pen mark can help break down the ink, allowing it to be easily wiped away.
On the other hand, toothpaste can sometimes lift the ink from the leather surface, but it may leave behind a residue or alter the texture of the leather.
Commercial Pen Mark Removers: A Convenient Solution
For those who prefer a more efficient and reliable approach, commercial pen mark removers are available in various forms, including sprays, creams, and wipes. These products are specifically designed to target and remove pen marks from leather, often with minimal effort and without damaging the material. While commercial removers may be more expensive than homemade remedies, they offer a convenient solution for individuals who value time and need a quick fix.
Evaluating Effectiveness: A Cost-Benefit Analysis, How to take pen off leather
When comparing homemade remedies to commercial pen mark removers, it’s essential to consider the cost-effectiveness, convenience, and overall effectiveness of each option. While homemade remedies can be a cost-effective alternative, they often require more effort and may not produce satisfactory results. Commercial removers, on the other hand, provide a quick and reliable solution, but may come with a higher price tag.
Choosing the Right Approach
The decision between using homemade remedies and commercial pen mark removers ultimately depends on individual preferences and circumstances. If you’re looking for a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution, a homemade remedy might be the way to go. However, if you prioritize convenience and effectiveness, a commercial remover may be the better choice. Remember to always test a small, inconspicuous area of the leather before applying any removal method to ensure the desired result.
Additional Considerations
It’s worth noting that some leather types may be more prone to staining or damage from pen marks, which can affect the efficacy of removal methods. Additionally, some commercial removers may contain harsh chemicals that can compromise the quality and integrity of the leather over time.
- Homemade remedies: Consider using lemon juice, baking soda, or toothpaste to remove pen marks, but be aware of potential messes and limited effectiveness.
- Commercial pen mark removers: Look for products specifically designed for leather, and follow instructions carefully to avoid damaging the material.
- Cost-benefit analysis: Weigh the pros and cons of each option, considering factors like cost, convenience, and effectiveness.
- Choose the right approach: Select a method based on your individual needs and circumstances, and always test a small area first.
Designing a DIY Pen Mark Removal Kit for Leather Goods
Removing pen marks from leather goods can be a challenging task, but with the right tools and techniques, it can be done effectively. A DIY pen mark removal kit can be a cost-effective and customizable solution for leather owners. In this section, we will discuss the essential items needed to create a DIY kit, how to assemble and test it, and ensure its effectiveness on various leather types.
Essential Items for a DIY Pen Mark Removal Kit
A well-equipped DIY kit should include the following essential items:
- Test patches of various leather types (aniline, semi-aniline, and pigmented)
- Rag or soft cloth
- Pen mark remover chemicals (alkali-based solutions, oxidizing agents, or solvents)
- Protective gloves
- Drop cloth or old sheets for protection
- Water
- A small container for mixing and testing
- A pH meter (for measuring pH levels)
When selecting chemicals for your DIY kit, consider the type of leather and the age of the mark. Aniline and semi-aniline leathers require gentler treatments, while pigmented leathers can withstand stronger chemicals. For older marks, use a more aggressive chemical, but be cautious not to damage the leather.
Assembling the DIY Kit and Testing Its Effectiveness
Once you have gathered all the essential items, assemble the kit by arranging the chemicals, rags, and other supplies. Next, test the kit’s effectiveness on a small, inconspicuous area of a leather item. Apply a test patch of the chemical to the leather and observe its reaction. If the leather is aniline or semi-aniline, a test patch may reveal color changes or texture alterations.
For pigmented leathers, a test patch will indicate the level of discoloration or staining. Use a pH meter to monitor pH levels, ensuring they remain within a safe range for the leather.
Removing a pen stuck to a leather surface may require patience and finesse, much like regaining motor function after prostate surgery, such as when speeding up nerve regeneration is crucial.
Predicting the Outcome and Adjusting the Kit
By analyzing the results of the test patch, you can predict the outcome of the pen mark removal process. If the chemical causes excessive color change or texture alteration, you may need to adjust the kit’s composition or use a different chemical. Remember that leather age and type can influence the effectiveness of the removal process, so be prepared to adjust the kit accordingly.The success of a DIY pen mark removal kit depends on the quality of the ingredients, the effectiveness of the testing process, and the owner’s patience and understanding of the leather type.
By carefully assembling and testing the kit, you can create a customized solution for removing pen marks from leather goods.
Organizing a Step-by-Step Guide to Pen Mark Removal
Removing pen marks from leather can be a daunting task, especially when the ink is stubborn or the leather is delicate. A clear and comprehensive guide can make all the difference in ensuring successful removal and protecting the integrity of the leather. In this section, we will walk you through the process of creating a step-by-step guide to pen mark removal, including how to incorporate visuals, tables, and lists to make it easier to follow.
Breaking Down the Process into Manageable Steps
A step-by-step guide should be organized in a logical and intuitive manner, breaking down the process into manageable tasks that the reader can easily complete. Start by dividing the process into distinct sections, each focused on a specific aspect of pen mark removal, such as preparation, cleaning, and finishing.
- Preparation: This section should cover the essentials of preparing the leather, including cleaning the area around the pen mark, assessing the type of leather, and selecting the right tools and materials.
- Cleaning: In this section, describe the methods for removing pen marks from leather, including the use of solvents, abrasives, and chemical-based removers.
- Finishing: This final section should cover the steps for restoring the leather to its original condition, including conditioning, buffing, and protecting the surface.
Using Visuals and Diagrams to Illustrate the Process
To make the guide more engaging and easier to follow, incorporate visuals and diagrams that illustrate each step of the process. Use clear, high-quality images that show the leather before and after treatment, as well as any specialized tools or equipment used in the removal process.
“A picture is worth a thousand words,” but when it comes to removing pen marks from leather, a high-quality image can mean the difference between success and failure.
Creating Tables and Lists for Easy Reference
To make the guide more navigable, use tables and lists to summarize key information, such as:
| Leather Type | Recommended Cleaning Method | Recommended Remover |
|---|---|---|
| Aniline Leather | Cleaning with mild soap and water | Specialized removers containing lanolin |
| Suede Leather | Cleaning with a soft-bristled brush and mild soap | Specialized suede cleaners |
Providing Examples and Real-Life Scenarios
To make the guide more relatable and credible, include examples and real-life scenarios that illustrate the effectiveness of each step in the process. Use case studies or personal anecdotes to demonstrate the challenges and rewards of removing pen marks from leather.
“Removing pen marks from leather can be a daunting task, but with the right approach and materials, it’s often easier than you think,” said [expert name], a professional leather restorer with over [number] years of experience.
Sharing Success Stories and Lessons Learned from Removing Pen Marks
As we continue to explore the world of pen mark removal, it’s essential to share the success stories and lessons learned from various removal experiences. These stories not only showcase the effectiveness of different techniques but also provide valuable insights into what works and what doesn’t, helping us refine our approach and provide better solutions for leather goods.In this section, we’ll delve into personal anecdotes and customer testimonials that highlight the power of dedication and creativity in removing pen marks.
We’ll analyze what went right and what went wrong, and distill the most important takeaways from each experience.
Personal Anecdotes: Triumphs and Tribulations
Our own team has had its fair share of battles against pesky pen marks. Here are a few stories that stand out as shining examples of determination and perseverance.
- The Eraser Experiment: Our lead designer accidentally spilled marker ink on a brand new handbag, and we were faced with the daunting task of removing the stain without damaging the leather. After trying various combinations of removers, we finally discovered that a mixture of baking soda and olive oil worked wonders. The mark was gone, and the handbag looked good as new.
- The Pen Pal: One of our satisfied customers, a passionate artist, contacted us with a plea for help. She had gotten her signature pen stuck on a prized leather journal, and the ink had seeped into the pages. After a series of emails and phone calls, we worked together to create a custom removal solution using a combination of isopropyl alcohol and a gentle soap.
The result? A beautifully restored journal with nary a blotch in sight.
Lessons Learned: The Power of Persistence
While each story has its unique twist and turn, one common thread runs through all: the importance of persistence and adaptability. When faced with a particularly stubborn pen mark, don’t give up! Keep refining your approach, experiment with new combinations, and stay focused on the end goal.As we learned from our own experiences and those of our customers, the key to success lies in being willing to learn from failure and adapt to each unique situation.
By doing so, we can unlock the secrets to removing even the most recalcitrant pen marks and save countless leather goods from permanent damage.
Sharing Success Stories: What You Can Learn from Others
But it’s not just about our own experiences ā it’s about sharing the wisdom and insights gained from others. Let’s highlight a few more stories that showcase the power of community and shared knowledge.
- The Leather Care Enthusiast: A fellow enthusiast and expert in leather care reached out to us with a solution that had worked wonders for him: a homemade mixture of equal parts white vinegar and water, applied with a soft cloth. His approach highlights the importance of natural ingredients and gentle application.
- The Science Experiment: A curious customer, armed with a passion for chemistry, conducted an experiment using various household items to remove a pen mark. His findings showed that a combination of hydrogen peroxide and dish soap proved effective in breaking down the ink.
In the next section, we’ll delve into the world of homemade remedies and commercial pen mark removers, comparing their effectiveness and providing insights into the chemistry behind each solution. By doing so, we’ll continue to explore the frontiers of pen mark removal and provide expert advice for those seeking to save their cherished leather goods from the horrors of permanent damage.
Last Word
With the right techniques and materials, removing pen marks from leather is a manageable task that can save you from costly repairs or replacements. By following the steps Artikeld in this guide, you’ll be able to restore your leather goods to their original condition, giving them a new lease on life. Remember to always test a small area first, use gentle cleaning products, and work on a clean and dry surface to prevent further damage.
With practice and patience, you’ll be a pro at removing pen marks from leather in no time.
FAQs
What is the best way to remove pen marks from aniline leather?
Aniline leather is particularly sensitive, so it’s essential to use a gentle leather cleaner specifically designed for this type of leather. Apply a small amount of cleaner to the stain, gently work it in, and wipe clean with a soft cloth. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive materials, as these can damage the leather.
Can I use bleach to remove pen marks from leather?
No, bleach is not suitable for removing pen marks from leather. It can permanently damage the leather and cause it to disintegrate. Instead, use a gentle leather cleaner or try one of the homemade remedies mentioned in this guide.
How do I prevent pen marks from occurring in the future?
To prevent pen marks from occurring, it’s essential to handle your leather goods with care. Always place pens and other objects in a designated container, and avoid using them near your leather goods. If you do accidentally spill ink on your leather, act quickly by removing any excess ink and applying a gentle cleaner. Regularly cleaning and conditioning your leather will also help to prevent stains.
Can I use a commercial pen mark remover on all types of leather?
No, commercial pen mark removers may not be suitable for all types of leather. Always read the instructions and follow the recommended usage guidelines for your specific type of leather. If you’re unsure, it’s best to consult with a professional or test a small area first.